Invasive Solidago canadensis versus its new and old neighbors: Their competitive tolerance depends on soil microbial guilds

作   者：孙振凯，何维明
期刊名称：Flora
影响因子：1.365
卷 期 号：
页     码：43-47
关键词：Artificial forest Avian diversity Environmental quality Land-use change Urbanization Urban biodiversity
论文摘要：
Bird communities are important components of biodiversity and provide terrestrial ecosystems with multiple
functions. The impact of long-term afforestation and rapid urbanization on bird species diversity (BSD) is of
interest and has attracted increasing attention from biologists, government officials and the public. This study
focused on patterns of BSD and changes in forest coverage in an Asian mega-city (Beijing). Forest coverage in
Beijing increased moderately from 1.3% (in 1949) to 21.26% (in 2003), and rapidly from 21.26% (in 2003) to
41% (in 2014). Natural types of land cover (i.e., woodland, grassland and water) increased from 55.25%
(9070.29 km2) in 1985–63.41% (10411.16 km2) in 2013, while anthropogenic types (i.e., cultivated land,
construction land and unutilized land) decreased from 44.75% to 36.59% based on remote sensing data. Three
sets of BSD records were obtained from the published literature, revealing a species diversity of 344 in 1987, 375
in 1994, and 430 in 2014. Approximately 15% of bird species were endemic and 80% were migratory. From
1987–2014, Beijing gained 81 bird species (37 species disappeared while 118 species appeared), which could be
a result of the progressive increase in forest coverage. The changes in BSD may be affected by long-term afforestation
efforts and rapid urbanization, along with meteorological factors. This study sheds some light on the
effects of afforestation and urbanization on biodiversity.